AA5454 and AA5059 for Tank Truck
AA5454 was used in tank truck making in the early 1950s. As an Al-Mg alloy, 5454 aluminum plate is a typical anti-rust aluminum, and its strength is about the same as that of 5154, which is about 20% greater than that of 5052.
5454 aluminum alloy cannot be strengthened by heat treatment, has good plasticity, corrosion resistance, weldability and medium strength, and is easy to form. In foreign countries, 5454 aluminum alloy sheets with different heat treatment states are the main materials used in the fields of automobile manufacturing and canning industry.
For the cold-rolled 5454 aluminum alloy with a deformation amount of 37.5%, when the annealing temperature is less than 120 °C, it is in a stabilization stage, and the properties and structure do not change greatly; when the temperature is 120-270 °C, a slight recovery occurs; when the annealing temperature reaches 270 °C, recrystallization begins to occur, and recrystallization is basically completed at 330 °C. The optimum O-state annealing temperature for 5454 aluminum alloy is 330 °C.
AA5059 is also a main 5xxx AL-Mg aluminum plate. It has low density and high tensile strength, which is higher than that of low-carbon steel. It also has high plasticity, corrosion resistance, good weldability, and low cracking tendency. With its own unique advantages, it is widely used in special tank trucks for petrochemical and other dangerous goods.
The shape of grains on the surface of aluminum alloy has an influence on the corrosion resistance. The surface of the 5083 alloy has deformation along the rolling direction and a flat grain structure, which is not conducive to the corrosion resistance of the alloy. The surface structure of 5059 alloy is completely recrystallized structure, which is beneficial to enhance the corrosion resistance of the alloy.
The β phase (Mg2Al3) of 5083 alloy precipitates is mainly distributed continuously along the grain boundary, which is not conducive to the corrosion resistance of the alloy. The β-phase (Mg2Al3) precipitates in the 5059 alloy presents dispersed precipitation in the matrix and is distributed evenly and intermittently, which is beneficial to the corrosion resistance of the alloy.
The optimal homogenization heat treatment process for AA5059 alloy is 460°C×24 h. As the homogenization temperature of the alloy increases, the second phase with low melting point dissolves rapidly, but at 480°C, an overburned structure appears in the alloy matrix.
When the homogenization temperature is 460°C, after holding for 24 hours, the β phase in the original as-cast alloy dissolves back to the matrix to a large extent, and at the same time, the inhomogeneous structure and dendritic network structure are basically eliminated.
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